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-Induced cannibalism among herbivores may be beneficial to the plant in two ways: (i) herbivores eat less plant biomass (possibly by an alteration on palatability or leaf quality for the caterpillars), and (ii) cannibalism directly reduces herbivore abundances. In this project, try to build a hypothetical field scenario in which populations of plant and caterpillars interact through herbivory, with plant defenses inducing cannibalism on the herbivore population. Are there different approaches to introduce (i) and (ii) into population dynamics? How the relative strength of these two effects may influence population balance?
+Induced cannibalism among herbivores may be beneficial to the plant in two ways: (i) herbivores eat less plant biomass (possibly by an alteration on palatability or leaf quality for the caterpillars), and (ii) cannibalism directly reduces herbivore abundances.
-===== Extension =====
+===== Assignment =====
-How would the infection by horizontally-transmitted pathogens on the caterpillar population be altered with the induction of cannibalism? What if the presence of the pathogen makes the caterpillar more prone to be eaten by its own kind? Can this possibilities be introduced in your model in a simple formulation?
+Build a hypothetical field scenario for this plant-herbivore interaction, developing and analysing an appropriate mathematical model that takes effects (i) and/or (ii) above into account. What
+===== Questions and challenges =====
+  * Are there different approaches to introduce (i) and (ii) into population dynamics?
+  * How the relative strength of these two effects may influence population balance?
+=== Challenge ===
+How would the infection by horizontally-transmitted pathogens on the caterpillar population be altered with the induction of cannibalism? What if the presence of the pathogen makes the caterpillar more prone to be eaten by its own kind? Can ou introduce these ingredients into your model in a simple way?
 ===== Reference =====
 **Induced defences in plants reduce herbivory by increasing cannibalism**
 Orrock, J., Connolly, B. and Kitchen, A.. //Nature ecology & evolution// 1, no. 8 (2017): 1205.
 [[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0231-6]]